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Estate Planning · Medicaid

Medicaid Asset Protection Trusts: How They Work

Protect your savings and your home from the cost of long-term care. A Medicaid Asset Protection Trust (MAPT) is an irrevocable trust that helps you preserve assets for your family while still being able to qualify for Medicaid if either spouse needs long-term care in the future.

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  • Serving families since 2012

How it works

How the trust works

When you sign the trust agreement, you create a new legal entity. Four roles make it work:

  • Grantors are you and your spouse, who create the trust and transfer assets into it.
  • The Trustee manages the trust, makes decisions about trust assets, and makes distributions according to the trust’s terms.
  • Beneficiaries receive distributions of income and principal. While you’re living, the trust can provide for them for health, education, maintenance, and support, at the Trustee’s discretion. After both grantors have passed away, your descendants receive their shares outright.
  • The Trust Protector safeguards the trust’s purpose. This person can make limited amendments, remove a Trustee, and fill Trustee vacancies, but can never change the beneficiaries.

Planning for veterans?

Veterans and surviving spouses may also consider a Veterans Asset Protection Trust. We can coordinate VA and Medicaid planning when both may apply.

Irrevocable

What “irrevocable” means for you

You give up the right to revoke or amend the trust, and principal can never be paid to you. Because you’ve also chosen not to receive trust income, that income isn’t counted as available income if you later apply for Medicaid.

You do keep a limited power of appointment, which lets you change who receives the remaining assets among your descendants through your will.

Funding

Funding the trust is essential

A trust protects only what’s in it. Assets you don’t transfer are not protected for Medicaid eligibility. Funding typically involves:

  • Real estate: We prepare and record a deed. Check with your mortgage lender first, and don’t transfer property you plan to refinance without confirming the lender will work with a trust. Ask your insurer to retitle the policy in the trust’s name.
  • Bank accounts and CDs: Retitle them in the trust’s name. Some banks charge an early-withdrawal penalty on CDs, but prompt funding generally matters more.
  • Brokerage accounts and stock: Change the title on the account or certificates.
  • Life insurance: Complete change of ownership and beneficiary forms, and get written confirmation from the insurer.
  • Other assets: Promissory notes, partnership interests, rental property, valuable personal property, and additional vehicles may be transferred. Each has its own rules.
  • Assets that stay out: IRAs can’t be transferred into a trust. Most people also keep one vehicle (Medicaid rules include an exception for it) and one personal checking account.

A trust protects only what’s in it

Assets you don’t transfer aren’t protected. Funding the trust correctly is one of the steps we help you complete.

Timing

Timing matters: the 60-month look-back

Transfers into the trust are subject to a 60-month look-back period for Medicaid eligibility. Depending on how much you fund the trust with, you may not qualify for Medicaid benefits for up to 60 months after the month the trust is funded. That’s why planning early is so important.

Good to know

Taxes, probate, and ongoing administration

Tax considerations

  • The trust is a grantor trust, so trust income is reported on your personal tax return, even though you don’t receive it.
  • The Trustee files an informational trust return, and you use that information to prepare your own return.
  • Assets receive a step-up in basis at each spouse’s death, which can reduce capital gains taxes for your heirs.

Avoiding probate

Assets owned by the trust, or with a valid beneficiary designation, pass to your loved ones without probate. Your will serves as a safety net for anything not retitled.

Ongoing administration

Day-to-day upkeep is light. Your Trustee keeps trust records separate from personal ones and reviews the schedule of trust assets once a year at tax time.

How it works

How we help

1

Free initial consultation

To review your family, health, income, and assets.

2

Eligibility and timing review

To determine whether a Medicaid Asset Protection Trust fits your goals and timeline.

3

Trust design and drafting

Tailored to your goals, and coordinated with VA planning where appropriate.

4

Funding

The trust, and coordinating it with the rest of your plan.

5

Ongoing review

As health, finances, or rules change.

MAPT FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Transfers into the trust are subject to a 60-month look-back. Depending on how much you fund the trust with, you may not qualify for Medicaid benefits for up to 60 months after the month the trust is funded.

No. IRAs can’t be transferred into a trust. Most people also keep one vehicle and one personal checking account outside the trust.

The trust is a grantor trust, so trust income is reported on your personal tax return, even though you don’t receive it.

You keep a limited power of appointment, which lets you change who receives the remaining assets among your descendants through your will.

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Ready to Protect What You’ve Worked For?

Contact our office to schedule a consultation and learn whether a Medicaid Asset Protection Trust is right for your family.